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Due: Friday, 25 January 2008. Long count 12.19.15.0.8; Tzolkin = 6 Lamat, Haab = 16. Muan (Goodman-Martinez-Thompson 584283 correlation)
The Mayan civilization used an interesting system of calendars to keep track of the days. They used a 365 day calendar, called Haab, which had 18 months of 20 days and five days left over. The names of the months are:
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For religious purposes, the Mayan civilization used another calendar called the Tzolkin calendar. The Tzolkin calendar was divided into thirteen periods, each 20 days long. Hence each "year" was only 260 days long, not 365 days like the Haab year. Whereas the Haab year approximated the solar year, the Tzolikin calendar precesses radically with respect to the solar year, i.e., the same date in the Tzolkin calendar falls in different seasons of the solar year. We denote each day in the Tzolkin calendar by a pair consisting of a number (1 through 13) and the name of the day. The 20 names of the days are:
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In each successive day both the number and the name of day changes, i.e., both cycles are incremented simulaneously. And since 13 and 20 are relatively prime, every day of the 260-day cycle has a unique name. The days of the Tzolkin calendar are known as:
1 Imix, 2 Ik, 3 Akbal, 4 Kan, 5 Chicchan, 6 Cimi, 7 Manik, 8 Lamat, 9 Muluk, 10 Oc, 11 Chuen, 12 Eb, 13 Ben, 1 Ix, 2 Men, 3 Cib, 4 Caban, 5 Etznab, 6 Cauac, 7 Ahau, 8 Imix, 9 Ik, 10 Akbal, ... , 5 Eb, 6 Ben, 7 Ix, 8 Men, 9 Cib, 10 Caban, 11 Etznab, 12 Cauac, and 13 Ahau.
A common way for the Mayans to specify a date was to use the Haab and Tzolkin dates together, e.g., 4 Ahau 8 Cumku. Using the dates together this way forms a cycle of 18,980 days (52 Haab cycles equals 73 Tzolkin cycles equals 18,980 days). This cycle is called the calendar round.
For longer spans of time the Mayan did not count cycles in the Haab, Tzolkin calendar or the calendar round, but counted the days since the creation of the world. The Mayans reckoned their chronology in "great cycles" of 13 baktuns (about 5,128 solar years). Historians write a Mayan date in the so-called "long count." The long count is a five-part, mixed-radix number.
| Long Count Periods | Days | |
|---|---|---|
| 0..19 | 1 kin | 1 |
| 0..17 | 1 uinal = 20 kin | 20 |
| 0..19 | 1 tun = 18 uinal | 360 |
| 0..19 | 1 katun = 20 tun | 7,200 |
| 0..13 | 1 baktun = 20 katun | 144,000 |
The generally agreed upon correlation between the Gregorian and Mayan calendars is the Goodman-Martinez-Thompson (GMT) correlation. This correlations is based on evidence that places the long count katun ending 11.16.0.0.0 (13 Ahau 8 Xul) on 14 November 1539 in the proleptic Gregorian calendar. Thus the starting day of the long count 0.0.0.0.0, is Wednesday, 11 August -3113 in the proleptic Gregorian calendar. The GMT correlation apparently agrees with calendar counts still being followed among the Quiche, Kekchi, and Ixil peoples of Guatemala. Though there is some disagreement as to the Mayan epoch, scholars are in agreement that day 0.0.0.0.0 in the (current) long count was 4 Ahau in the Tzolkin calendar and 8 Cumku in the Haab calendar. The next day 0.0.0.0.1 was 5 Imix 9 Cumku.
Convert the long count to the calendar round. It is important to note that the long count begins at 4 Ahau 8 Cumku in the calendar round---not at the first day of either of the Tzolkin calendar or the Haab calendar.
Write a Java program Maya that reads from the standard input. Each line in the input will be a day in the Mayan long count in the form
v.w.x.y.zwhere w,x,z are positive integers in the range 0 to 19 and y is in the range 0 to 17. We will take v to be in the range 0 to 13. There may be spaces before or after a dot. The long count is terminated either at the end of the line or by a space. Extra characters may follow a space at the end of the line. These characters are to be ignored (see the example input below). No error checking is required for this program; if the input line is not of this form, the behavior of the program is not specified.
The following are examples of illegal input lines.
1.2.3 1.2 3.4.5 1.2.3.4.5x
Convert the date in the long count to the Tzolkin and Haab calendar and print the result in the following format:
n day m month
There should be the same number of output lines as lines in the input file. Do not prompt for input. Do not echo print the input. Do not print blank lines.
0.0.0.0.0 # Begin of Mayan epoch 0.0.0.0.1 9.17. 0. 0. 0 12.19.10.16.18 # 16 Jan 2004 12.19.15. 0. 8 # 25 Jan 2008The output should be
4 Ahau 8 Cumku 5 Imix 9 Cumku 13 Ahau 18 Cumku 5 Etznab 6 Muan 6 Lamat 16 MuanLine up the columns if you like, but you must separate the parts of the output line by at least one space.
See problem 300 "Maya Calendar" at Problem Set Archive at University of Valladolid.
{"Pop", "Uo", "Zip", "Zotz", "Tzec", "Xul", "Yaxkin", "Mol", "Chen", "Yax",
"Zac", "Ceh", "Mac", "Kankin", "Muan", "Pax", "Kayab", "Cumku", "Uayeb"}
{"Imix", "Ik", "Akbal", "Kan", "Chicchan", "Cimi", "Manik", "Lamat", "Muluk", "Oc",
"Chuen", "Eb", "Ben", "Ix", "Men", "Cib", "Caban", "Etznab", "Cauac", "Ahau"}
Turn in the Java source code for the program using the submission server. The project tag for this assignment is proj03. The name of the file you submit must be Maya.java. (I am expecting one file.) Be sure your name is in comments at the beginning of your program as required in the standard header for this class.
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Course=cse4051 Project=proj03 |